부정사 - Infinitive

 

-부정사

 

>Grammer

 

① 다음 글에 잘못된 곳이 있으면 고쳐라.

1. Who is to be blamed for starting the fire?

2. I think it wrong to waste time when you have examination ahead.

3. "How are you getting on?" "Oh, nothing to complain of."

4. We are told to rejoice and weep with others.

5. The prize is hard to be won.

6. Father told me don't trouble him any more.

7. He has sufficient income to live.

8. I have learned to use this tool.

9. He kept me to wait for dinner.

10. She was seen run up the stairs with tears in her eyes.

11. I am not rich to keep a car.

12. It is very nice with you to think of me.

13. I want a stick to walk.

14. He ordered the room to sweep.

15. She does nothing but to cry all day.

16. He seems that he is very rich.

17. We sincerely hope you to succeed in this entrance examination.

18. This is the classroom for us to study.

19. They gradually became to enjoy their English lessons.

20. I feel the cold air to strike against my face.

21. It's not me to say whether I like her or whether I don't.

22. It takes for me thirty minutes to finish the work.

23. I must remember seeing him tomorrow.

24. You may take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him to drink.

② Choose the right form :-

1. Would you like (to me do, me to do, to me to do) that work?

2. You ought to know better than (arguing, to argue, argue).

3. I got up early (in order that I catch the train, on account of catching the train, so as to catch the train).

4. They ought (to have apologized, to apologize, have apologize) unreservedly on such an occasion.

5. Where are you going to (bring, take, fetch) me?

③ Fill the blanks :-

1. What a fool you are ( ) do such a thing!

2. I awoke one morning ( ) find the whole place covered with snow.

3. He was so kind ( ) ( ) lend me the book.

4. ( ) ( ) frank with you, you were a little to hasty.

5. He knows French, not ( ) ( ) of English.

6. You had better ( ) let him go when you were asked to.

④ a.와 b.가 같은 뜻이 되도록 ( ) 안에 적합한 말을 넣어라.

1. a. He was stupid to make such a mistake.

b. It was stupid ( ) ( ) ( ) make such a mistake.

2. a. I stepped aside for him to enter the room.

b. I stepped aside ( ) ( ) he might enter the room.

3. a. I awoke one morning and found that I was famous.

b. I awoke one morning ( ) find ( ) famous

4. a. I tried to persuade him, but displeased him after all.

b. I tried to persuade him ( ) ( ) displease him.

5. a. The wind blew so hard ( ) it blew off the chimney.

b. The wind blew hard ( ) to blow off the chimney.

c. The wind blew ( ) hard ( ) to blow off the chimney.

6. a. His car has gone so far that we can't overtake it.

b. His car has gone ( ) far ( ) ( ) to overtake.

7. a. You are very kind to make me such a nice doll.

b. It is very kind ( ) you to make such a nice doll ( ) me.

8. a. The good old days have gone and will never return.

b. The good old days have gone ( ) ( ) return.

9. a. I wished that he would go instead of me.

b. I wished ( ) ( ) go instead of me.

10. a. Even the slightest pain is too severe for him to bear.

① allow ② be endurable to ③ be important of ④ stand

b. He cannot ( ) the slightest pain. {다음에서 고를 것}

11. a. It's my fault.

b. I am to ( ) for it.

12. a. They climbed the trees in order to see the procession.

b. They climbed the trees ( ) ( ) they could see the procession.

13. a. I send you this letter ( ) you ( ) know the further details of the matter.

b. I send you this letter ( ) ( ) you will know the further details of the matter.

14. a. He set the alarm clock for 6 a.m. ( ) he should oversleep.

b. He set the alarm clock for 6 a.m. ( ) ( ) not to oversleep.

c. He set the alarm clock for 6 a.m. for ( ) of oversleep.

d. He set the alarm clock for 6 a.m. so that he ( ) not oversleep.

15. a. You were very kind to watch the baby while we were away.

b. It was very kind ( ) you to look ( ) the baby during ( ) ( ).

⑤ Rewrite the following sentences by using the infinitives.

1. We have nothing that we may substitute for this curtain.

2. There is no other way whereby he will be rescued.

3. She held out her hand so that he might shake it.

4. My friend was very kind. He pointed out my error.

5. That is the way it should be done.

6. It seems that we were sent back again into the Middle Ages.

7. He pretended that he did not hear me.

8. He pretends as if he did not take care of her.

9. I regret that I must inform you of this sad news.

10. What would I not give if I saw him again?

11. He had no friend with whom he could talk about the matter.

12. I am fond of swimming.

13. It is time that we should be up and doing.

14. Some men must die so that others may live.

15. He spoke so low that we could not hear him.

16. I should have been glad, if I had met him.

17. I was very glad when I heard of your success.

18. There are many pictures that can be seen in the gallery.

19. My grandmother lived till she was eighty.

20. We expect that our team will win.

21. I think it quite natural that you should refuse his offer.

22. It happened that there was nobody in the lobby.

23. It is most likely that he will be elected mayor.

24. He had no friends in whom he could confide.

25. It is desirable that the examination results be made public by next week.

26. He studied hard that he might pas the examination.

27. The dictionary was so small that I could put it in my pocket.

28. The teacher ordered that they should not go out of the room.

29. It is not wise that you should be angry with him.

30. The box was so heavy that I could not lift it.

31. The captain was the last man that left the sinking ship.

32. You must study hard lest you should fail in the examination.

33. To my surprise, I found him blind of one eye.

⑥ Rewrite the following sentences, not using the infinitives.

1. I believe him to be well off.

2. He seemed to be ignorant of the fact.

3. It is necessary for each of us to do his best.

4. It is natural for any sensitive person not to sympathize with these opinions.

5. He was so kind as to help me.

6. He awoke to find all this a dream.

7. It is time for you to ho to school.

8. I was immensely relieved to fine that my family had returned home safe and sound.

9. He cried so as to be saved from drowning.

10. He is keeping quiet so as not to disturb his father.

⑦ 다음 각 문장을 지시에 따라 바꿔 써라.

1. You are careless to make such a mistake. [It is...로 시작하여]

2. The only sound to be heard was the ticking of the clock. [부정사를 쓰지 말고]

3. You had better not sit up late at night. [It를 주어로 하여]

4. We can get along with him easily. [He is...로 시작하여]

5. I intended to visit my teacher, but I could not do so. [but이하를 생략하여, 같은 뜻이 되도록]

6. It was too heavy for him to carry. [복문으로]

7. It seems that nobody took any notice of his warning. [His warning seems...로

시작하여]

8. You need not do so. [It is...로 시작하여]

⑧ 다음 각 조(名組)의 문장의 뜻의 차이점을 분명히 알 수 있도록 우리말로 옮겨라.

1. a. I have no family to look after.

b. I have no family to look after me.

2. a. I hear the bell ring at noon.

b. I hear that the bell rings at noon.

3. a. We'll have a secretary to help me.

b. We'll have my secretary help me.

4. a. How did you get to know her?

b. How did you get her to know you?

5. a. That is not the way to choose your job.

b. That is not the way to choose.

6. a. We had hoped he would recover.

b. We hoped he would recover.

7. a. He hoped to see you yesterday.

b. He hoped to have seen you yesterday.

>Composition

① Put into English :-

1. 가련하게도 살 집이 없는 사람이 적지 않다. (It is a pity that~)

2. 인생에 처하는 가장 중요한 일은 ‘거짓말을 하지 않는’ 일이다 - 성실해야 하는 일이다. (in life)

3. 기필코 이번에는 이 학교에 입학하여 유쾌한 학생 생활을 보내고자 생각합니다.

(be anxious to~)

4. 사람은 자기 소신을 기탄없이 말할 수 있는 용기가 있어야 한다.

5. 오래 기다리게 해서 죄송합니다. 귀하께서 이처럼 빨리 오시리라고는 생각지 않았습니다.

6. 틈이 나면 읽으려니 하는 생각으로 있으면, 많은 책은 읽지 못합니다. 주어진 시간을

될 수 있는 한 이용하는 일이 필요합니다.

(leisure hours., time to spare; to make the best use of)

7. 민주주의 원칙의 하나는 서로가 상대방을 존경하는 일입니다. 이것은 단지 절을 하고 아 첨을 하는 것을 말하는 것이 아니라 남의 처지나 기분을 존중한다는 것을 말하는 것입니 다.

8. 작년 여름은 몹시 더웠으므로 생각했던 반도 책을 읽지 못했다.

(생각했던 반도 half as much as I had expected to.)

9. 우리 할아버지는 이미 70여세가 되시는데도 무척 건강하셔서, 손자들이 제 나름대로 다 클 때까지는 돌아가시지 않겠다고 말씀하고 계신다.

(무척 건강하여 strong and healthy 제 나름대로 다 크다 be on one's own)

10. 전날 공부를 하고 있는데 대전의 숙모님한테서 전화가 걸려왔었다. 아주 좋은 얘기가 있으니 곧 와 달라는 것이었다. (전날 a few days ago 곧 at once)

11. 모처럼의 초대이신데 선약이 있으므로 실례해야겠습니다.

(선약이 있으므로 because I have a previous engagement.)

12. 수학여행은 누구에게 있어서나 학교 생활의 가장 즐거운 추억의 하나가 된다. 그것은 아이들이 자기 나라에 관하여 여러 가지 사항을 배우는 좋은 기회이기도 하다.

(수학여행 a school excursion 여러 가지의 a variety of)

13. 어제 친구를 전송하러 역에 갔었는데 역에 닿았을 때는 기차가 바로 떠난 뒤이어서 서 운했습니다. (전송하다 see off)

14. 소년에게는 할 일이 가득 차 있다. 어른의 흉내도 내보고 싶고, 자기 자신에게 어떠한 힘이 있는가를 시험도 해보고 싶어 한다. 무턱대고 돌아다니고도 싶고 모험도 해보고 싶어 한다. 어느 것을 보아도 흥미 있고 어떤 짓을 해도 그 나름대로 반응이 있어 재미있는 법이다.

15. ‘남이 해주기를 바라는 만큼 너도 남에게 베풀어라’ 하는 말은 훌륭한 말이긴 하나, 실 천하기에는 정말 힘든 일이리라 생각된다.

16. 아래의 각 문장을 ⓐ로부터 시작하여 일관된 문장이 되도록 차례를 정하여라.

ⓐ She thought she would get up and go downstairs an take Edward unawares. So she left her room, although her legs were weak and her head reeled.

ⓑ Eager to make no sound, she turned the handle noiselessly and flung the door open. "Edward!" she cried.

ⓒ The laugh changed almost into a groan, as in exhaustion she sank down and felt it impossible to go farther. then the thought of Edward urged her on.

ⓓ Now she was outside the drawing-room; she heard Edward whistling within.

ⓔ she struggled to her feet, and persevered till she reached the bottom.

ⓕ She came to the top of the stairs and went down, one step at a time as little children do, and laughed at herself.

Somerset Maugham, "Mrs. Craddock"

어귀 → take unawares 불시에 습격을 하다. reel 현기증이 나다. Eager to make no sound 소리를 내고 싶지 않았으므로 change into a groan 신음소리로 변하다 in exhaustion 피로해서 sink down 주저앉다 urge on 다그치다 whistle 휘파람을 불다 struggle to one's feet 겨우 일어서다