명사 독해 문제 - B - CLASS

1. The great demand for labor during World War 2 drew millions of women into industry. Afterward, so many continued to hold jobs that in 1960 women workers composed more than a third of the labor force. With more working mothers and the almost complete disappearance of domestic servants, there developed a new feature of family life, the "baby sitter." The clear-cut division between the male as wage earner and the female as homemaker was breaking down. More and more husbands helped wash the dishes, put the children to bed, and learned to cook. In the professions, women found new opportunities, gaining admission to medical and other professional schools formerly open only to men. The changing status of women made for many difficult adjustments, but it was the continuation of a trend that started when the first settlers reached this land.                         <연세대>

문제 1. 많은 여성이 전쟁 중 산업에 종사하게 된 이유는?

문제 2. 전쟁 후에도 여성 노동자가 많았던 이유는?

문제 3. "baby-sitter"가 생긴 이유는?

문제 4. 남성의 역할은 구체적으ㅗㄹ 어떻게 변했는가?

문제 5. 여성의 사회적 지위는 어떻게 변했는가?

문제 6. 이 나라의 건국 초기부터 시작된 경향은?

2. Work in co-operation is a frequent aspect of primitive economic life. The stimuli which keep the working group together may be different from those we use. The responsibility of empolyed to employer and the fear of loss of pay or job are not the prime forces which keep them at work. More important are the conventions about industry, the reproof which laziness is likely to draw from a man's fellows, and the stimulus given by work in company with songs and jokes which lightens drudgery and gives it some tinge of recreation. It is significant, too, that for really heavy work upon rhythm as a guide and lightener of the labor. Not only does a working song like a sailor's chantey give the time for pulling together, but it also distracts the mind from the dullness of the task.               - R.W. Firth: Human Types

문제 1. 옛날 사람들이 함께 협동적으로 일한 원인은 오늘과 어떻게 다른가?

문제 2. 고된 일의 어려움을 더는 데 무엇이 도움이 되었는가?

3. At about the age of two (   ①   ) three nonths, the child learns to smile and to have feelings about persons, which are different (   ②   ) its feelings about things. At this age a social relation (   ③   ) mother and child begins to be possible: the child can and does show pleasure ㉠at the sight of its mother, and develops responses which are not merely animal. Very soon a desire for praise and approval grows up; in my own boy, it was first shown unmistakably at the age of five months, when he succeeded after manu attempts, (   ④   ) lifting a somewhat heavy bell of the table, and ringing it while he looked round at everybody with a proud smile. From this moment, the educator has a new weapon: praise and blame. This weapon is extraordinarily powerful throughout childhood, but it must be used with great caution. There should not be any blame (   ⑤   ) all during the first year, and afterwards it should be used very sparingy. Praise is less harmful. But ㉡it should not be given so easily as to lose its value, nor should it be used to make a child too proud.

문제 1. 밑줄 친 부분 ㉠을 절로 변혼하고 아래의 ⓐ,ⓑ,ⓒ의 (      ) 안에 각각 한 낱말씩 넣어라.

       (   ⓐ   ) (   ⓑ   ) (   ⓒ   ) its mother

문제 2. 밑줄 친 부분 ㉡을 번역하라.

문제 3. 위의 본문 중에 빈 곳 ①~⑤에 넣을 전치사를 다음의 ⓐ~ⓖ 중에서 각각 하나씩 골라라.(단, 한 단어는 한 번만 사용)

      ⓐ at       ⓑ before       ⓒ from       ⓓ to       ⓔ in       ⓕ after      ⓖbetween

문제 4. 다음 ⓐ~ⓔ의 글 중에서 위의 영문의 내용과 비슷한 것을 하나만 골라라.

      ⓐ 이 필자의 애기는 낳아서 몇 달 지나 소리를 내어 웃었다.

      ⓑ 동물과 같은 반응이 생겼다.

      ⓒ 사교적 감각이 싹트기 시작했다.

      ⓓ 칭찬을 받고 싶은 욕구가 생겼다.

      ⓔ 딴 사람의 흉내를 잘 내게 되었다.