관계대명사(관계부사)

관계대명사, 관계부사

A. 1. on the hill we found a hut. Its windows were all broken. →On the hill we found a hut ( ) windows ( ) ( ) were all broken.   2. I have once met the writer, and I believe he is sincere. → I have once met the writer, ( ) I believe ( ) sincere.   B 1. He has three daughters, whom he must get married. → He has three daughters, ( ) he must get ( ) married.   2. Smoking, which is a bad habit, is nevertheless popular. → Smoking, ( ) ( ) is a bad habit, is nevertheless popular.   3. She said she saw me there, which was a lie. → She said she saw me there, ( ) ( ) was a lie.   C 1. This is the place (where/which) he was born.   2. This is the place (where/ which) we visited last summer.   D 1. There are few (that/but) seek after their own happiness.   2. He was absent, (as/which) is often the case.   E. I will give you (what/which) little money I have with me.   2. I will do (whatever/that) you wish me to do.

 

관계 대명사는 두 문장을 결합할 때 대명사를 접속사로 바꾸어 주는 걸 말한다. 따라서 관계 대명사는 <접속사 + 대명사>의 성질을 가지며 해석할 때도 접속사와 대명사로 풀어 해석하면 직독직해가 된다. 용어를 살피면 그 뜻을 풀 수 있어 이해가 쉽고 암기가 쉬운데, 관계대명사는 <관계 + 대명사>즉, <접속사 + 대명사>란 뜻을 품고 있다. 마찬가지로 관계부사는 <관계 + 부사>로 <접속사 +부사>가 된다. 이 때 앞 문장의 명사는 선행사가 되고, 뒷 문장의 대명사는 관계 대명사로 전환된다. 그리고 두 문장을 결합할 때 뒷 문장을 선행사 뒤에 그대로 갔다 붙이면 된다. 물론, 선행사 뒤에는 동일한 명사인 관계대명사가 이어져야 한다.

 

1. ( )안에 적당한 말을 골라라.

 

1. He is one man (who, whom) I believe can help you.

2. Coal has made English (where, which, that, what, as) she is.

3. The man (who, whose, that) book I borrowed wished to have it back soon.

4. I want the same dictionary have gardens, in (which, whom, that, when) flowers bloom from spring to autumn.

5. All the houses and cottages have gardens, in (which, whom, that, when) flowers bloom from spring to autumn.

6. He is a man (who, whose, whom, whoever) I supposed was incapable of such cruelty.

7. You must not use the words (that, which, whose) meaning you don't understand well.

8. This is the place (which, where) I have long wanted to visit.

9. At last he found the very man (who, whom, that, as) he wanted.

10. The book is written in such easy English (as, that, how) beginners can understand.

11. one place (which, that, where, what) I didn't look for it was the cupboard.

12. This is a proverb, (which, whose, of which, that) I do not understand the meaning.

13. I do not think the number of people (whom, to whom, on whom, which, at which) this happens is very large.

 

2. 빈 자리에 다음의 보기 (a~i)에서 골라 채워라.

 

<a, what b. as c. such d. but e. same f. no g. than h. to I. more>

 

1. Let the children read ( ) books ( ) will make them better and wiser.

2. Everyone longs for peace and security.

There is ( ) one ( ) longs for peace and security.

3. I will give you ( ) help I can.

4. Do ( ) you believe is right.

5. I want the ( ) dictionary ( ) your sister has.

6. They married early, ( ) was the custom in those days.

7. ( ) puzzles me is that he got hold of the key.

8. I have had ( ) money ( ) would last me a few days.

9. He praised the wine of the country, and ( ) was more ( ) the purpose, gave the opportunity of tasting it.

10. All the volcanoes have on their summits ( ) are called craters.

11. Reading nourished the mind as food does the body.

=Reading is ( ) the mind ( ) food is ( ) the body.

12. As many ( )came were caught.

13. He has made me ( ) I am.

14. Who is there ( ) commit errors?

= who is there that does not commit errors?

= Everyone commits errors.

 

3. 두 글이 같은 뜻이 되게 적당한 말을 ( )에 넣어라.

 

1. He said he knew her, but it was a lie.

= He said he knew her, ( ) was a lie.

2. A book the author of which is unknown is less likely to succeed.

= A book ( ) author is unknown is less likely me.

3. The boy whom I thought to be honest deceived me.

= The boy ( ) I thought ( ) honest deceived me.

4. There is no man that does not love his parents.

= There is no man ( ) ( ) his parents.

5. Mr. Smith is a rich lawyer; and I borrowed his car for this trip.

= Mr. Smith, ( ) car I borrowed for this trip, is a rich lawyer.

 

4. 빈 자리에 알맞은 <전치사 + 관계 대명사>를 넣어라.

 

1. We can never fully understand persons ( ) ( ) we are daily in close contact, until we have been separated from them.

2. The sick man ( ) ( ) sake you are doing all this work ought to be very grateful to you.

3. The audience were utterly astonished at the fluency ( ) ( ) the little boy made his first English speech.

4. The present ecomomic situation is full of problems and difficulties the solution ( ) ( ) is of vital importance to our future well-being.

 

5. ( ) 속에 아래의 A의 ⓐ~ⓔ에서 골라 채우고, ( ) 안의 뜻을 B에서 골라라.

 

1. I had to go with him, ( ) I greatly disliked.

2. I tried to smile, ( ) I found impossible.

3. I said nothing, ( ) made him still more furious.

4. He returned to his native village, ( ) he spent a few years of his life.

5. He was reading a novel in his study, ( ) he heard something fall with a crash in the next room.

6. I could not play with my friend any longer, ( ) fell ill.

 

A. ⓐ when ⓑ which ⓒ where ⓓ that ⓔ who

B. ① because he ② and there ③ though - it ④ and then ⑤ and so ⑥ but-it-to do so ⑦ and it

 

6. 필요한 말을 골라 알맞게 배열하라.

 

1. These marks which stand for language enable man to communicate with (ⓐ the reach ⓑ those ⓒ are ⓓ who ⓔ beyond) of his voice.

2. (ⓐ you ⓑ the ⓒ over there ⓓ see ⓔ bridge) was constructed about 300 years ago.

3. You'll probably disapprove of (ⓐ got ⓑ say ⓒ I've ⓓ what ⓔ to).

4. (ⓐ through ⓑ we ⓒ lived ⓓ who ⓔ have) two great wars have seen with our eyes that it is the bravest, the noblest, and the best who perish.

 

7. ( ) 안에서 하나를 골라라.

 

1. you had better read such books (ⓐ as ⓑ that ⓒ which) are easy.

2. (ⓐ Which ⓑ As ⓒ That) is often the case with the soldiers, I was a little too fond of wine.

3. There are more things in heaven and earth (ⓐ but ⓑ than ⓒ as) are dreamt of in your philosophy.

4. She is both brave and tender, (ⓐ that ⓑ which ⓒ as) you know.

 

8. 아래 A, B의 보기에서 골라 ( )에 채워라.

 

1. I usually go to the library to kill time, ( )( ) nothing is harder to kill.

2. The book, ( ) you are looking ( ), is not in our library.

3. This is the woman ( ) ( ) daughter I spoke yesterday.

4. The girl, ( ) ( ) there was no kinder heart, died so young.

5. I do not think the number of students ( ) ( ) this occurs is small.

6. I stayed in America only for a few months, ( ) ( ) time I went through a series of hardship.

7. There is one great quality ( ) ( ) we cannot hope to achieve anything-that is persistence.

8. I was astonished at the ease ( ) ( ) he did it.

9. The building the walls ( ) ( ) are white is Tom's school.

 

A. ⓐ to ⓑ with ⓒ than ⓓ of ⓔ during ⓕ without ⓗ for

B. ① whom ② that ③ who ④ which ⑤ whose

 

9. ( ) 안에 적당한 말을 넣어라.

 

1. Do ( ) you believe is right.

2. This is the most difficult problem ( ) I've ever had to face.

3. Your coat, a button of ( ) is missing, needs mending.

4. There is no man ( ) loves himself.

5. Men and horses ( ) were killed at the battle were innumerable.

6. The rain washed away the track, ( ) prevented the train from running.

7. That was the reason ( ) prevented them from coming with me.

8. As many men ( ) came agreed to it.

9. I kept silent, ( ) made him still more angry.

10. I have never had more money ( ) would do it.

11. He never saw such big ships ( ) you may see any day at our seaports.

12. From ( ) I hear, he seems to be a very kind man.

13. He returned to Seoul, ( ) he spent the latter part of his life.

14. Buy it back from the man ( ) you sold it to.

15. I am sure that the day will come ( ) the world will realize its value.

16. Africa is one of the places ( ) I should like to visit.

17. He did ( ) many others have done and are doing.

18. Who ( ) has common sense can commit such a folly?

19. He offers a helping hand to ( ) is in need of help.

20. I was about to reply, ( ) he cut in.

21. Please sit down ( ) you like.

22. It is his daughter ( ) troubled him most.

23. She spoke only English and French, neither of ( ) languages I understand.

24. A boy was gazing into the pool, ( ) calm surface reflected his features like a mirror.

25. The heart does not grieve over ( ) the eye happens not to see.

26. They are married late, ( ) is the custom in these days.

27. Is there anything you want ( ) you have not?

 

10. 관계사를 써서 두 문장을 연결하라.

 

1. I have done it. You told me to do it.

→

2. We came to a large river. I forgot the name of the river.

→

3. He lent me some books. I knew the books were difficult to read.

→

4. The building is our church. You can see its pointed roof over there.

→

5. He said he had seen me on the street. It was true.

→

6. They say he is very clever. I cannot believe it.

→

7. He made a very witty remark. I doubted the truth of it.

→

8. His mother had three sons. He was the youngest of them.

→

9. There's Mr. James. They say he is the richest man in the city.

→

10. While a boy he often played truant from school. He had to suffer the consequences afterwards.

→

11. He rapidly learned to speak English. They were all astonished at the rapidity.

→

12. The Dutch have no army or navy to speak of. That is quite natural for so small a country.

→

13. She lost three sons in the war. Had any one of them lived, he might have done great things.

→

 

11. 다음의 우리 말을 아래 보기를 참고하여 영문으로 옮겨라.

 

1. 이것은 내가 지금까지 본 중에서 가장 아름다운 꽃이다(appreciate).

cf) This is the highest mountain that he has ever climbed.

영작. ..........................................................................................................

2. 오늘의 내가 된 것은 선생님의 덕택입니다. 그 때 선생님의 도움이 없었더라면 오늘의 나는 되지 못했을 겁니다.

cf) I am not what I was thirty years ago.

영작. ..................................................................................................................................

3. 그 실현이 불가능하게 여겨졌던 달나라 여행도 현실적인 것이 되었다(a matter of reality).

cf) on the hill over there, you see a house whose roof is red. That is the house I lived in my childhood.

영작. ..................................................................................................................................