머피 선생 영어 문법 강좌
부정사(INFINITIVE)
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A 틀린 부분을 고쳐라. 1. My uncle decided to not sell his business and retire. 2. He knows to captivate his audience. 3. Would you like I wait till she comes?
B sure, apt, likely, willing, ready 중에서 골라 채워라. 1. Cast iron is ( ) to break. 2. The children are not ( ) to be home before dark. 3. Better take an umbrella ; it's ( ) to be wet.
C Tell me what I should do next → Tell me ( ) ( ) do next.
D 1. I want a knife to sharpen a pencil ( ) 2. Lend me some money to buy the book ( )
J 1. It is natural (for/of) him to reject the proposal. 2. It was careless (for/of) you to have let him know of our plan.
K This book is so difficult that you cannot read it. →This book is ( ) difficult ( ) you ( ) read. L It seems that he was ill. → He seems to ( ) ( ) ill. |
준동사 구문 - 준동사 구문이란 동사의 활용을 말한다. 즉, 동사를 이용하여 문법의 다양성을 꾀하는 것이다.
1. 부정사 - 부정사는 말 그대로 품사를 정해진 것이 아니고 명사, 형용사, 부사로 쓰인다.
a. 명사는 문장에서 주어, 목적어, 보어로 쓰인다.
b. 형용사는 명사는 수식하며 한정적인 용법과 서술적인 용법이 있다.
c. 부사는 동사를 꾸며주며 형용사, 부사 혹은 문장전체를 꾸민다.
2. 동명사 - 동사의 기능과 명사의 기능을 동시에 갖고 있는 것을 말한다.
3. 분사 - 분사는 형용사의 성질을 지닌다.
It is 사람의 행위를 판단하는 형용사 + for + 목적어 + to-Inf ~
이 구문에서 <to-Inf>가 주어로 형용사는 주격보어다. 따라서 사람의 행위 판단 형용사는 사람과 동격을 이룰 수 없으므로 이 구문에서 사람 주어는 쓸 수 없다(to-Inf의 목적어는 주어 자리에 올 수 있다)
It is 인성 형용사 + of + 목적어 + to-Inf ~
이 구문에서 <to-Inf>는 주어이며 형용사는 주격보어다. 인성은 곧 사람의 성질을 묻는 것이기 때문에 사람주어를 쓸 있으며, 그런 경우 <be+인성형용사 + of ~ ing>의 구문이 된다.
1. ( )에 알맞은 말을 골라라.
1. We had better stop this nonsense = I think we (ⓐ ought to stop ⓑ would stop ⓒ might stop) this nonsense.
2. You had better not try = I (ⓐ tell ⓑ command ⓒ advise) you not to try.
3. I would rather not go than go alone = I (ⓐ will not go ⓑ will go ⓒ must go) if I have to go alone.
4. I can't but pity such a man = I (ⓐ can't help to pity ⓑ can't help pitying ⓒ just pity) such a man.
5. you don't have to be in such a hurry = You (ⓐmust not ⓑ need not ⓒ may not) be in such a hurry.
2. ( )에 알맞은 말은?
1. He is not the man (to frighten, to be frightened, to be frightening) easily.
2. He has a sufficient income (to live, to live on, to live by, to live with).
3. Don't (permit that they, allow them, let them) come in.
4. The book is said to (be published, publish, have been published) in Korea.
5. He does not know (how, who, what) to open with.
6. He does not know (how, what, why) to behave.
7. The river is dangerous to (bath, bathe, be bathed) in.
3. 아래 보기에서 골라 ( )안을 채워라.
1. To ( ) frank with you, I don't like her.(솔직히 말해서)
2. To ( ) the truth, I don't trust him.(사실대로 말하자면)
3. He has no money, to ( ) nothing of experience.(~은 말할 것도 없고)
4. He has been to Thai, not to ( ) of Japan.(~은 물론이고, 말할 것도 없고)
5. To ( ) with, he is too selfish.(우선 첫째로는)
6. To ( ) matters worse, his father has fallen ill.(설상가상으로, 더욱이~)
7. Strange to ( ), he refused to accept the invitation.(이상한 말 같지만)
8. To ( ) sure, he is disliked by everyone.(확실히)
(say, tell, speak, begin, put, do, make, be)
4. 두 문장이 같은 뜻이 되도록 ( )를 채워라.
1. I intended to visit him, but I could not.
I intended ( ) ( ) visited him.
2. I tried to persuade him, but offended him after all.
I tried to persuade him ( ) ( ) offend him.
3. I am not in any way responsible.
I am in no way ( ) blame.
4. I think we ought to stop this nonsense.
We had ( ) ( ) this nonsense.
5. As she is rich, she can buy a piano.
She is rich ( ) ( ) ( ) a piano.
6. It would be better for you to go home and rest.
You ( ) ( ) go home and rest.
7. The window was very dirty and no one could see through it.
The window was ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
8. He was so foolish that he missed the point.
He was too foolish ( ) ( ) miss the point.
9. Have you decided a place for your new house?
Have you decided ( ) ( ) build your new house?
10. We could nor see anybody in the room.
Nobody was ( ) be seen in the room.
5. 예문과 같이 부정사를 사용하여 같은 뜻을 나타내도록 밑줄을 바꾸어라.
ex. There is one additional thing. (one thing to add)
1. There is no need for such a noise. -
2. This is a memorable occasion. -
3. It was an unforgettable experience. -
6. ( ) 안에 적당한 말을 넣어라.
1. You can't get them ( ) listen to reason.
2. Tom started early so ( ) to get to the appointed place before noon.
3. "Come with me." "I should like ( ), but I'm sorry I can't."
4. How unwise ( ) her to lend the money to him!
5. I attended the meeting though my father told me not ( ).
6. He read only for a short period everyday so as ( ) ( ) strain his eyes.
7. He did nothing else ( ) laugh.
7. ( ) 안의 지시에 따라 고쳐 써라.
1. He wished to come immediately, but he couldn't.(복문으로)
; ..........................................................................
2. I expect you to come.(복문으로) ; ..........................................................................
3. I thought it to be him.(복문으로) ; .........................................................................
4. I hoped to have succeeded in the examination.(중문으로)
; ............................................................................................
5. He is said to have been born in English.(It를 주어로) ; ........................................
6. It is better for you not to smoke.(You를 주어로); ..................................................
7. You are too young to go to such a place alone.(not......enough를 써서)
8. The stranger had not the politeness to take off his hat.(enough를 써서)
; ....................................................................................................
9. It was the only house that one could see.(밑줄 친 곳을 구로)
; ......................................................................
10. He worked hard to raise enough money, only to fail.(밀줄 친 곳을 절로)
; ...................................................................
8. 부정사를 써서 바꿔 써라.
1. He pretended that he did not hear me.
2. I ran so fast that I overtook him in a minute.
3. There is no telling when they will get there.
4. Do you wish that he should be gone?
5. You must study hard lest you should fail in the examination.
6. It is universally believed that he was a beggar.
7. It is no use crying over split milk.
8. It is necessary that you should study English.
9. I believe that it was a mistake.
10. It seems that he has not been at home.
11. He has a big family he must support.
12. You are so young that you cannot do it for yourself.
13. My brother will go to English that he may complete his education.
14. I regret that I must inform you of this sad news.
15. It is desirable that the examination results be made public by next week.
9. 영작하라.
1. 오늘 아침은 너무 추워서 바로 자리를 떠날 수가 없었다.
cf) He speaks too fast for me to understand him.
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2. 우리는 평화와 정의를 지키기 위하여 전력을 다해야 한다
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3. 딴 사람 흉을 잘 보는 사람은 자기 결점은 모르기 쉬운 것 같다
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